Ter Sami

Ter Sami saa´mekiill
Spoken in:	Russia
Total speakers:	10
Language family:	Uralic  Finno-Ugric   Finno-Permic    Finno-Volgaic     Finno-Lappic      Sami       Eastern Sami        Ter Sami
Writing system:	no writing system
Language codes
ISO 639-1:	smi
ISO 639-2:	smi
ISO 639-3:	sjt
Ter Sami is number 9 on the map.
Note: This page may contain IPA phonetic symbols in Unicode.

Ter Sami is the easternmost of the Sami languages. It was traditionally spoken in the northeastern part of the Kola Peninsula, but now it is a dying language; in 2004, only ten speakers were left.^{[citation needed]}

[edit] History

In the end of the 19th century, there were six Ter Sami villages in the eastern part of the Kola Peninsula, with a total population of approximately 450. At present there are approximately 100 ethnic Ter Sami, of whom ten elderly persons speak the language; the rest have shifted their language to Russian.^[1]

The rapid decline in the number of speakers was caused by Soviet collectivisation, during which use of the language was prohibited in schools and homes in the 1930s, and the largest Ter Sami village Jokanga was declared "perspectiveless" and its inhabitants were forced to move to the Gremikha military base.^[2]

[edit] Documentation

There are no educational materials or facilities in Ter Sami, and the language has no standardized orthography. The language is incompletely studied and documented; text specimens, audio recordings as well as dictionaries for linguistic purposes exist^{[3] [4]}, but no grammatical description is available.

Curiously, the earliest known documentation of Sami languages is a short Ter Sami vocabulary collected by the British explorer Stephen Burrough in 1557; the vocabulary was published by Richard Hakluyt.^[5]

[edit] Notes