Taqlid

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Taqlid or taqleed (Arabic تَقْليد taqlīd) is an Arabic term meaning "to follow (someone)" or "to imitate". In Islamic legal terminology it refers to the practice of following the decisions of a religious authority without necessarily examining the scriptural basis or reasoning of that decision. In Islamic theology taqlid of someone regarded as a higher religious authority (e.g. an 'ālim) is acceptable in the details of religion, such as matters of worship and personal affairs, but not in the fundamentals of the faith.[1] Most often, this refers to the adherence to one of the five classical schools of fiqh, or jurisprudence, known as madhhab.

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In Arabic, taqlīd is a verbal noun based on the verb qallada, which literally means "to place a collar (qilādah) around the neck.[2]" The term is believed to have originated from the idea that the one who performs taqlid, called a muqallid, becomes resigned to the person of whom he or she is performing taqlid. Therefore, a muqallid is like someone who is allowing someone else to lead them "by the collar."[3]

Sheikh Shaamee Hanafi said: “Taqleed is to take the statement of someone without knowing the evidence.”[4]

Taqlid is considered by some to be an easy option in the context of Islamic fiqh, or law. Taqlid in Islam refers to accepting and following the verdicts of scholars of fiqh in their exposition and interpretation of Islamic law, without demanding from them an in-depth explanation of the processes (ijtihad) required to arrive at such a verdict. It implies that the duty of ordinary Muslims is to trustingly accept the authority of scholars in this matter and act upon their verdicts.

There are several ayat in the Quran that forbid the taqlid of others in matters of religion (5:104-5, 17:36, 21:52-54 43:22-24). However, this prohibition is interpreted to refer only to the fundamentals of religion (usul ad-din) and not to details of law and ritual practices (subsidiary elements of religion or furu `ad-din) these can only be learned through extensive study, and those who have not who has not carried out this study can follows the guidance of those who have. [5] Shia Muslims believe that following the "Greater Occultation" (al-ghaybatu 'l-kubra) in 329/941AD, the Shia are "obliged to observe taqlid in their religious affairs."[6]

[edit] See also

[edit] References

  1. ^ Momem, Mojan, An Introduction to Shi'i Islam, Yale University Press, 1985, p.175-6
  2. ^ Najm al-Din al-Tufi, Sharh Mukhtasar al-Rawdah (Beirut: Mu’assasah al-Risålah, 1410H), 3:65.
  3. ^ Surkheel (Abu Aaliyah) Sharif, The Truth About Taqlid (Part I), the Jawziyyah Institute, 2007, p. 2 [1]
  4. ^ Aqood Rasm al-Muftee, p. 23
  5. ^ Momem, Mojan, An Introduction to Shi'i Islam, Yale University Press, 1985, p.175-6
  6. ^ 1. What is taqlid?

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