|
[edit] Seconds
Orders of magnitude (time)
| Factor (s) |
Multiple |
Symbol |
Definition |
Comparative examples & common units |
Orders of magnitude |
| 10−44 |
|
tP |
Planck time is the unit of time of the natural units system known as Planck units.[1] |
The shortest or earliest meaningful interval of time that theoretical physics can describe and consequently the youngest the known universe can be measured. ≈ 5.4×10−44 s. |
10−44 s |
| 10−24 |
1 yoctosecond |
ys[2] |
Yoctosecond, (yocto + second), is one quadrillionth (in the long scale) or one septillionth (in the short scale) of a second. |
0.3 ys: mean life of the W and Z bosons.[citation needed]
1 ys: time for top quark decay.[citation needed]
91 ys: half-life of lithium-4.[citation needed] |
1 ys and less, 10 ys, 100 ys |
| 10−21 |
1 zeptosecond |
zs |
Zeptosecond, (zepto + second), is one trillionth of one billionth of one second. |
7 zs: half-life of helium-9's outer neutron in the second nuclear halo.
17 zs: approximate period of electromagnetic radiation at the boundary between gamma rays and X-rays.
300 zs: approximate typical cycle time of X-rays, on the boundary between hard and soft X-rays |
1 zs, 10 zs, 100 zs |
| 10−18 |
1 attosecond |
as |
|
100 attoseconds: shortest measured period of time.[3][4] |
1 as, 10 as, 100 as |
| 10−15 |
1 femtosecond |
fs |
|
cycle time for 390 nanometre light, transition from visible light to ultraviolet |
1 fs, 10 fs, 100 fs |
| 10−12 |
1 picosecond |
ps |
|
1 ps: half-life of a bottom quark
4 ps: Time to execute one machine cycle by an IBM Silicon-Germanium transistor (supercomputer) |
1 ps, 10 ps, 100 ps |
| 10−9 |
1 nanosecond |
ns |
|
1 ns: Time to execute one machine cycle by an Intel Pentium 4 1GHz microprocessor
1 ns: Light travels 12 inches (30 cm)
1,000,000,000 nanoseconds: 1 second |
1 ns, 10 ns, 100 ns |
| 10−6 |
1 microsecond |
µs |
|
sometimes also abbreviated µsec
1 µs: Time to execute one machine cycle by an Intel 80186 microprocessor
4-16 µs: Time to execute one machine cycle by an older minicomputer |
1 µs, 10 µs, 100 µs |
| 10−3 |
1 millisecond |
ms |
|
4-8 ms: typical seek time for a computer hard disk
50-80 ms: Blink of an eye
150-300 ms: Human reflex response to visual stimuli |
1 ms, 10 ms, 100 ms |
| 10−2 |
1 centisecond |
cs |
|
3.2 cs: length of time a single frame on a television screen is shown |
|
| 100 |
1 second |
s |
|
1 s: "One Mississippi" said aloud
60 s: 1 minute |
1 s, 10 s, 100 s |
| 103 |
1 kilosecond
(16.7 minutes) |
ks |
|
3.6 ks: 3600 s or 1 hour
86.4 ks: 86 400 s or 1 day
604.8 ks: 1 week |
103 s, 104 s, 105 s |
| 106 |
1 megasecond
(11.6 days) |
Ms |
|
month = 2.6 x 106 s
year = 31.6 Ms = 107.50 s ≈ π x 107 s |
106 s, 107 s, 108 s |
| 109 |
1 gigasecond
(32 years) |
Gs |
|
century = 3.16 Gs ≈ π×109 s
millennium = 31.6 Gs ≈ π×1010 s |
109 s, 1010 s, 1011 s |
| 1012 |
1 terasecond
(32 000 years) |
Ts |
|
eon = 31.6 Ts ≈ π×1013 s |
1012 s, 1013 s, 1014 s |
| 1015 |
1 petasecond
(32 million years) |
Ps |
|
aeon = 31.6 Ps ≈ π×1016 s
430 Ps = 4.3×1017 s ≈ 13.7 billion years, the approximate age of the Universe |
1015 s, 1016 s, 1017 s |
| 1018 |
1 exasecond
(32 billion years) |
Es |
|
0.43 Es ≈ the approximate age of the Universe |
1018 s, 1019 s, 1020 s |
| 1021 |
1 zettasecond
(32 trillion years) |
Zs |
|
|
1021 s, 1022 s, 1023 s |
| 1024 |
1 yottasecond
(32 quadrillion years) |
Ys |
|
|
1024 s, 1025 s, 1026 s and more |
|
Orders of magnitude (time), by powers of seconds |
|
| Negative powers |
|
|
| Positive powers |
|
|
Orders of magnitude (time)
| Factor (a) |
Multiple |
common units |
orders of magnitude |
| 10−50 |
|
Planck time, the shortest physically meaningful interval of time ≈ 1.71×10−50 a |
10−50 a |
| 10−24 |
1 yoctoannum |
-- |
1 ya and less, 10 ya, 100 ya |
| 10−21 |
1 zeptoannum |
-- |
1 za, 10 za, 100 za |
| 10−18 |
1 attoannum |
-- |
1 aa, 10 aa, 100 aa |
| 10−15 |
1 femtoannum |
-- |
1 fa, 10 fa, 100 fa |
| 10−12 |
1 picoannum |
-- |
1 pa, 10 pa, 100 pa |
| 10−9 |
1 nanoannum |
1 second = 3.17 × 10-8 a ≈ 10-7.50 a |
1 na, 10 na, 100 na |
| 10−6 |
1 microannum |
1 minute = 1.90 × 10-6 a
1 hour = 1.40 × 10-4 a |
1 ua, 10 ua, 100 ua |
| 10−3 |
1 milliannum |
1 day = 2.73 × 10-3 a
1 week = 1.91 × 10-2 a |
1 ma, 10 ma, 100 ma |
| 100 |
1 annum |
year = 1 annum
decade = 10 anna
century = 100 anna |
1 a, 10 a, 100 a |
| 103 |
1 kiloannum |
millennium = 1000 anna |
103 a, 104 a, 105 a |
| 106 |
1 megaannum |
epoch = 1,000,000 anna |
106 a, 107 a, 108 a |
| 109 |
1 gigaannum |
aeon = 1,000,000,000 anna
13.7 Ga = 1.37×1010 a ≈ 13.7 billion years, the approximate age of the Universe |
109 a, 1010 a, 1011 a |
| 1012 |
1 teraannum |
--- |
1012 a, 1013 a, 1014 a |
| 1015 |
1 petaannum |
--- |
1015 a, 1016 a, 1017 a |
| 1018 |
1 exaannum |
-- |
1018 a, 1019 a, 1020 a |
| 1021 |
1 zettaannum |
-- |
1021 a, 1022 a, 1023 a |
| 1024 |
1 yottaannum |
-- |
1024 a, 1025 a, 1026 and more |
The pages linked in the right-hand column contain lists of times that are of the same order of magnitude (power of ten). Rows in the table represent increasing powers of a thousand (3 orders of magnitude).
Conversion from year to second is year × 31 557 600 using the Julian year. Conversion from log10 year to log10 second is approximately log10 year + 7.50. Example conversion; 1 year = 100 year = 100 + 7.50 seconds = 100.50 + 7s = 3.16 * 107s.
[edit] See also
[edit] External links
[edit] Footnotes
- ^ Wikipedia contributors. Planck time. Wikipedia, The Free Encyclopedia. December 7, 2007, 05:55 UTC. Available at: http://en.wikipedia.orgindex.php?title=Planck_time&oldid=176315682. Accessed December 19, 2007.
- ^ The American Heritage Dictionary of the English Language: Fourth Edition. 2000. Available at: http://www.bartleby.com/61/21/Y0022100.html. Accessed December 19, 2007. note: abbr. ys or ysec
- ^ "Shortest time interval measured". BBC News (25 February 2004).
- ^ "Fastest view of molecular motion". BBC News (4 March 2006).
Página espejo de la Wikipedia
Directorio de Enlaces Directorio dmoz Directorio espejo dmoz Pedro Bernardo
|
