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For the district with the same name, see Nellore district.
Nellore (Telugu:నెల్లూరు) is a city located in the state of Andhra Pradesh, India. It is the headquarters of the Nellore district. It is of strategic commercial importance as it lies between the cities of Vijayawada and Chennai. It is located on the banks of Pennar river. Nellore is an important telugu city from the time of Tikkana, famous telugu poet to present-day politics. The city set up the stage for formation of the Andhra Pradesh state.
[edit] Etymology
The origin of the name Nellore comes from the word 'Nelli' which means paddy in Tamil. Nellore is famous for its high paddy yields. Recently, paddy fields have given way to aquaculture. The erstwhile paddy fields are converted into fresh water Aqua Farms where they grow Fish and Prawn. The city was initially known as Vikrama Simhapuri and was the capital of Manumasiddhi of Nellore Cholas. There are many beaches around Nellore. Mypadu and Kothakoduru beaches are well known in Nellore. Nellore is also famous for its natural harbour at Muthukur i.e, Krishnapatnam basin. Plans to build a commercial port at Muthukur are in progress. Nellore is home to the Satish Dhawan Space Centre(SDSC). Nellore is connected with the Grand Trunk Road (NH5) which was used by the British for transportation between Madras (now Chennai) and Calcutta( now Kolkata). [edit] HistoryNellore was part of the composite Madras state until 1 October 1953.[citation needed]On 1 November 1956, when the states in India were reorganized on a linguistic basis, the district was transferred to Andhra Pradesh. Potti Sriramulu, a Telugu patriot and activist from Nellore fasted to death for the formation of the Andhra Pradesh state. Nellore was a historically important Telugu city. It was under the Pallavas, Cholas, Chalukyas, Kakatitayas and Vijayanagara empire in its history. The city was most famous in 13th century, when Tikkana Somayaji translated Mahabharat into Telugu. The city was then known as Vikrama Simhapuri and was the capital of Manumasiddhi of Nellore Cholas. Tikkana, also a minister in the court of the king ManumaSiddhi, developed friendly relations with mighty Kakatiya kings with his poetry and was instrumental in getting military support from Warangal for his king. Molla, the second Telugu poetess had also written Telugu Ramayan here. Later it became part of the nawabs of Arcot who ruled from Vellore and was known as part of circars. Udayagiri fort still stands as a symbol of its great history. Venkatgiri has several old temples and a hilltop fortress with a grand view.In the year 2008 Nellore Distrisct was renamed to be called as Potti Srirammulu Nellore by the Andhra Pradesh government. [edit] GeographyNellore city is located at .[1] It has an average elevation of 18 metres (62 feet). It is frequently affected by cyclones. In summer, water is scarce in some areas. Its surrounding districts are Ongole, Cuddapah, Chittoor. It has the Bay of Bengal coast along its eastern periphery, Ongole to the north, Cuddappah to the west and Chittoor to its southern direction. Along the western edge of the district are hills of the Eastern Ghats, bordering the Cudappah district. The Red Sanders tree is found in this region. [edit] Climate
[edit] Government and politicsNellore is the head quarters of the district. It contributes to Ten seats in state Legislative assembly and one Indian Parliament seat. Amarajeevi Potti Sriramulu undertook a fast-unto-death for achieving the state of Andhra and losing his life in the process is from Nellore. A.P. Government recently announce that district name is potti sriramulu nellore district.The most popular communist leader Late Sri Puchhalapalli Sundaraiah hails from Nellore District.The ex-chief minister N.Janardhan reddy also from Nellore. The ex-BJP National President Sri M.Venkaiah Naidu also hails from Nellore District. Previous MLA's who represented Nellore in chronological order.
[edit] TransportationA main national railway line passes through Nellore. The National Highway 5/Chennai-Kolkata Highway passes through Nellore. The nearest International Airport is about 170 km south in Chennai and airport in Tirupati is 120 km from Nellore. Land acquisition is going on for the construction of a new airport 20 km from Nellore. The city can be reached from all major south Indian cities like Hyderabad, Chennai or Bangalore by bus or train. Nellore has more than 140 mini buses serving the people for their daily needs. Originally it was part of MSM railway which later became part of Southern Railway and is now part of South Central Railway. [edit] DemographicsAs of the 2001 Indian census,[2] Nellore has a population of 378,947 (agglomeration 554,922). Both males and females constitute 50% of the population. Nellore has an average literacy rate of 72%, 76% for males and 68% for females, higher than the national average of 59.5%. 11% of the population is under 6 years of age. Telugu is spoken by majority of the people in the district while Tamil is spoken by a sizeable minority in the southern parts and southern coastal region of the district. Urdu is also widely spoken here [edit] MandalsThe District is divided into 46 mandals, under three Revenue Divisions with headquarters at Nellore, Gudur and Kavali. 1 Seetharamapuram 2 Varikuntapadu 3 Kondapuram 4 Jaladanki 5 Kavali 6 Bogole 7 Kaligiri 8 Vinjamur 9 Duttalur 10 Udayagiri 11 Marripadu 12 Atmakur 13 Anumasamudrampeta 14 Dagadarthi 15 Allur 16 Vidavalur 17 Kodavalur 18 Butchireddipalem 19 Sangam 20 Chejerla 21 Ananthasagaram 22 Kaluvoya 23 Rapur 24 Podlakur 25 Nellore 26 Kovur 27 Indukurpet 28 Thotapalligudur 29 Muthukur 30 Venkatachalam 31 Manubolu 32 Gudur 33 Sydapuram 34 Dakkili 35 Venkatagiri 36 Balayapalle 37 Ozili 38 Chillakur 39 Kota 40 Vakadu 41 Chittamur 42 Naidupeta 43 Pellakur 44 Doravarisatram 45 Sullurpeta 46 Tada [edit] References
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