King of Sardinia

The following is a list of monarchs of Kingdom of Sardinia.

[edit] Early medieval rulers

• Goddas, 533–534, Vandal governor
• Ospitone, late 6th century, ruled Barbagia alone
• Mujahid al-Muwaffaq, 1015–1016, Saracen conqueror

[edit] Judges

Main article: Giudicati

Sardinia was divided from the 11th century in four autonomous principalities, called giudicati.

• List of judges of Arborea, c. 1070–1410
• List of judges of Cagliari, c. 1060–1258
• List of judges of Gallura, c. 1070–1288
• List of judges of Logudoro, c. 1060–1259

Some of these rulers occasionally took the style of king (rex):

• 1113–1128 Constantine I, Judge of Torres
• 1128–1150 Gonario II, Judge of Torres

Some ruled with the title King of Sardinia (rex Sardiniae) by grant of the Holy Roman Emperor:

• Barisone II of Arborea, 1064–1065 (by Emperor Frederick I)
• Peter I of Arborea, from 1085 (by inheritance from Barisone)
• Hugh I of Arborea, from 1085 (by inheritance from Barisone)
• Enzo of Logudoro, 1238–1245 (iure uxoris Adelasia of Torres, recognised by Emperor Frederick II)

None of these rulers had effective authority over the whole isle.

[edit] Monarchs of Sardinia

[edit] Aragonese direct rule, 1323–1516

Main articles: Kings of Aragon and Crown of Aragon

King James II of Aragon received royal investiture from Pope Boniface VIII in 1297 as Rex Sardiniae et Corsicae. The Aragonese did not take actual possession of the isle until 1323, after a victorious military campaign against the Pisans.

Monarch	Portrait	Birth	Marriages	Death
James 1323–1327		10 August 1267 Valencia son of Peter I and Constantia of Sicily	Isabella of Castile 1 December 1291 No children Blanche of Anjou 29 October 1295 10 children Marie de Lusignan 15 June 1315 No children Elisenda de Montcada 25 December 1322 No children	5 November 1327 Barcelona aged 60
Alfonso I 1327–1336		1299 Naples son of James II of Aragon and Blanche of Anjou	Teresa d'Entença 1314 7 children Eleanor of Castile 2 children	27 January 1336 Barcelona aged 37
Peter 1336–1387		5 October 1319 Balaguer son of Alfonso IV and Teresa d'Entença	Maria of Navarre 1338 2 children Leonor of Portugal 1347 No children Eleanor of Sicily 4 children	5 January 1387 Barcelona aged 68
John I 1387–1396		27 December 1350 Perpignan son of Peter IV of Aragon and Eleanor of Sicily	Martha of Armagnac 1 child Yolande of Bar 3 children	19 May 1396 Foixà aged 46
Martin 1396–1410		1356 Girona son of Peter IV of Aragon and Eleanor of Sicily	Maria de Luna 13 June 1372 4 children Margarita of Aragon-Prades 1409 No children	31 May 1410 Barcelona aged 54

• 1410–1412 interregnum

Monarch	Portrait	Birth	Marriages	Death
Ferdinand I 1412–1416		27 November 1380 Medina del Campo son of John I of Castile and Eleanor of Aragon	Eleanor of Alburquerque 1394 8 children	2 April 1416 Igualada aged 36
Alfonso II 1416–1458		1396 Medina del Campo son of Ferdinand I and Eleanor of Alburquerque	Maria of Castile 1415 No children	27 June 1458 Naples aged 52
John II 1458–1479		29 June 1397 Medina del Campo son of Ferdinand I and Eleanor of Alburquerque	Blanche I of Navarre 6 November 1419 4 children Juana Enríquez 2 children	20 January 1479 Barcelona aged 81
Ferdinand II 1479–1516		10 March 1452 son of John II of Aragon and Juana Enriquez	Isabella of Castile 19 October 1469 5 children Germaine of Foix 1505 No children	23 January 1516 Madrigalejo aged 54

[edit] Spanish direct rule, 1516–1713

Monarch	Portrait	Birth	Marriages	Death
Charles I 1516–1554		24 February 1500 Ghent son of Philip I of Castile and Juana of Castile	Isabella of Portugal 10 March 1526 3 children	21 September 1558 Yuste aged 58
Philip I 1554–1598		21 May 1527 Valladolid son of Charles IV and Isabella of Portugal	Maria of Portugal 1543 1 child Mary I of England 1554 No children Elisabeth of Valois 1559 2 children Anna of Austria 4 May 1570 5 children	13 September 1598 Madrid aged 71
Philip II 1598–1621		14 April 1578 Madrid son of Philip I and Anna of Austria	Margaret of Austria 18 April 1599 5 children	31 March 1621 Madrid aged 42
Philip III 1621–1665		8 April 1605 Valladolid son of Philip II and Margaret of Austria	Elisabeth of Bourbon 1615 7 children Mariana of Austria 1649 5 children	17 September 1665 Madrid aged 60
Charles II 1665–1700		6 November 1661 Madrid son of Philip III and Mariana of Austria	Maria Luisa of Orléans 19 November 1679 No children Maria Anna of Neuburg 14 May 1690 No children	1 November 1700 Madrid aged 38
Philip IV 1700–1713		19 December 1683 Versailles son of Louis, Dauphin of France and Maria Anna of Bavaria	Maria Luisa of Savoy 2 November 1701 4 children Elisabeth of Parma 24 December 1714 7 children	9 July 1746 Madrid aged 62

At the end of the War of the Spanish Succession, by the Treaty of Utrecht, Sardinia was ceded to Austria

[edit] Austrian direct rule, 1713–1720

Monarch	Portrait	Birth	Marriages	Death
Charles III 1713–1720		1 October 1685 Vienna son of Leopold I, Holy Roman Emperor and Eleonore-Magdalena of Pfalz-Neuburg	Elisabeth Christine 1 August 1708 4 children	20 October 1740 Vienna aged 55

Spanish forces invaded the kingdom in 1718 during the War of the Quadruple Alliance. Emperor Charles VI ceded it to the Duke of Savoy by the Treaty of The Hague.

[edit] House of Savoy, 1720–1861

The monarchs of the House of Savoy ruled from their mainland capital of Turin but styled themselves primarily with the royal title of Sardinia as superior to the original lesser title of Duke of Savoy

Monarch	Portrait	Birth	Marriages	Death
Victor Amadeus II 1720–1730		14 May 1666 Turin son of Charles Emmanuel II, Duke of Savoy and Marie Jeanne Baptiste de Savoie-Nemours	Anne Marie of Orléans 10 April 1684 6 children	31 October 1732 Moncalieri aged 66
Charles Emmanuel III 1730–1773		27 April 1701 Turin son of Victor Amadeus II of Sardinia and Anne Marie of Orléans	Anne Christine Louise of Bavaria 1 child Polyxena Christina of Hesse-Rotenburg 6 children Elisabeth Teresa of Lorraine 3 children	20 February 1773 Turin aged 72
Victor Amadeus III 1773–1796		26 June 1726 Turin son of Charles Emmanuel III of Sardinia and Polyxena Christina of Hesse-Rotenburg	Maria Antonietta of Bourbon 12 children	16 October 1796 Moncalieri aged 70
Charles Emmanuel IV 1796–1802		24 May 1751 Turin son of Victor Amadeus III of Sardinia and Maria Antonietta of Bourbon	Marie Clotilde of France 1775 No children	6 October 1819 Rome aged 68
Victor Emmanuel I 1802–1821		24 July 1759 Turin son of Victor Amadeus III of Sardinia and Maria Antonietta of Bourbon	Maria Teresa of Austria-Este 21 April 1789 7 children	10 January 1824 Moncalieri aged 65
Charles Felix 1821–1831		6 April 1765 Turin son of Victor Amadeus III of Sardinia and Maria Antonietta of Bourbon	Maria Christina of Bourbon-Two Sicilies 7 March 1807 No children	27 April 1831 Turin aged 66
Charles Albert 1831–1849		2 October 1798 Turin son of Charles Emmanuel of Savoy, 6th Prince of Carignano and Maria Cristina of Saxony	Maria Theresa of Tuscany 1817 3 children	28 July 1849 Porto aged 50
Victor Emmanuel II 1849–1861		14 March 1820 Turin son of Charles Albert of Sardinia and Maria Theresa of Tuscany	Maria Adelaide of Austria 1842 8 children Rosa Teresa Vercellana Guerrieri 1869 2 children	9 January 1878 Rome aged 57

Between 1859 and 1861 the Kingdom of Sardinia incorporated the majority of Italian states. On March 17, 1861 King Victor Emmanuel II was proclaimed King of Italy by the Parliament in Turin.

[edit] See also

• Duchy of Savoy
• List of viceroys of Sardinia
• Kingdom of Sardinia