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Body psychotherapy[1][2][3] (also known as body-oriented psychotherapy) is a significant branch of psychotherapy with origins in the work of Pierre Janet, Sigmund Freud and Wilhelm Reich. Body psychotherapy, or somatic psychology (as it is also known in the USA & Australia), addresses both the body and the mind as a whole with emphasis on the reciprocal relationships within body and mind. It includes an awareness of the client's process as manifested in their body, body language, emotional expression, proxemics, psychosomatics, somatic resonance, and sexuality. One branch of body psychotherapy evolved from the work of Wilhelm Reich, author of Character Analysis and many other books, and who developed his form of "psychoanalysis" into what he called Vegetotherapy or Character-Analytic Vegetotherapy. Reich worked and trained people in Berlin, Copenhagen and Oslo in the 1930a. When Reich moved to America in 1939, he proceeded to influence therapists both in the United States and later again in post-war Europe. Many of these therapists developed and practiced their own forms of (neo-)Reichian therapy. One of the direct developments of Reich's work in the USA was orgonomy; another was Bioenergetic Analysis, developed by Alexander Lowen and John Pierrakos. Body Psychotherapy itself (or somatic psychology) is now becoming recognised as a mainstream branch of psychotherapy and is being informed by and supported by recent developments in neuroscience. Parallel to this, it is generally understood that the broader concepts of body psychotherapy, like 'energy' in the body, are similar to the 'energy' concepts of Eastern medicines and philosophies (yoga, acupuncture, tai chi chuan, etc.) and also have connections with other 'body therapies' (like massage, Alexander technique, Feldenkrais method, Rolfing, etc.) Other branches (or methods) of Body Psychotherapy trace their origins more to the work of the founders of the paricular branches, like Biosynthesis to the work of [David Boadella] [4], Biodynamic Psychology to Gerda Boyesen, Rubenfeld Synergy to [Ilana Rubenfeld], Body-Mind Psychotherapy to Susan Aposhyan[5]. Several of these people were influenced by the work of Wilhelm Reich, but were also considerably influenced by other people and their methods. Syntheses of these approaches are also becoming accepted and recognised (viz: The Chiron Approach[6]). Body Psychotherapy is very useful in the treatment of trauma. [7][8][9] A more recent branch of body psychotherapy has evolved out of Arnie and Amy Mindell's work with the 'dreambody'. [10] Mindell, once a Jungian analyst, began researching illness as a meaningful expression of the unconscious mind. This is an integrative approach to illness, [11] which addresses the cultural, emotional, spiritual and physical connections that illness invites. The 'dreambody' is believed to be an organizing principle in the background somewhat like a morphogenetic field (sensu Rupert Sheldrake). The term Body Psychotherapy was utilised first in the 1980s as associations relating to this type of psychotherapy began to form. There are now various professional associations of Body Psychotherapy in Europe (EABP) and America (USABP) and others are forming around the world. Several journals also exist, including 'Energy & Character', 'The USABP Journal of Body Psychotherapy' and the Journal of Body, Dance & Movement in Psychotherapy.
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